Conjunctions

(Conjunctions with asterisk require subjunctive mood.) Conjunctions are the "glue" of a sentence, joining clauses, phrases and words together. They are divided into two types: coordinating and subordinating. 1) COORDINATING Conjunctions (which join clauses of equal importance) 1.1 - copulative [and] et: and, atque / ac: and in fact, -que: and, etiam: also, quoque: too, modo ... modo ...: sometimes... sometimes..., et ... et ...: both .... and ...., tum ... tum ...: at one time .... at another ...., cum ... tum ...: not only .... but also ..., tam ... quam ...: so much .... so ... 1.2 - disjunctive [or] aut / vel / -ve: or, sive / seu: or if, aut ... aut ...: either ... or ..., vel ... vel ...: either ... or ..., sive ... sive ...: whether ... or ... 1.3 - adversative [but] sed: but, autem: moreover, verum: but actually, vero: certainly, at: on the other hand, tamen: however, attamen: nevertheless, sedtamen: but in fact, verum tamen: nevertheless, atqui: and yet, quidem: at any rate, immo: or rather, immo vero: or rather actually, non solum (modo, tantum) ... sed etiam ...: not only ... but also 1.4 - conclusive [therefore] igitur: therefore, Homines perfecti non sunt. Falli igitur possunt. itaque: accordingly, Nemo liber ausus est mortuum sepelire. Itaque a servis sepultus est. ergo: consequently, Cogito, ergo sum proinde: therefore, Eos ferre non possum. Proinde aut exeant aut quiescant. ideo: for this reason, propterea: therefore, ob eam rem: accordingly, ob hanc rem: because of that, ea de causa: because of that, quam ob rem: by this reason, quaproter: and therefore 1.5 - causal [because] nam: because, Amici non solum inter se diligunt, sed etiam verentur. Nam sine verecundia vera amicitia esse non potest. enim: in fact, Mihi omne tempus est meos ad libros vacuum. Numquam enim illi sunt occupati. etenim: and as a matter of fact Verus es amicus. Etenim amicitiam tuam comprobasti. 2) SUBORDINATING Conjunctions (which join a subordinate clause to a main clause on which it depends for its meaning) 2.1 - temporal [when] cum: when, quando: since, dum: provided that, donec: until, quoad: as far as, antequam / priusquam: before, postquam: after, ut: as soon as, ubi: when, ut primum / ubi primum / cum primum: as soon as, simulac / simulatque: as soon as 2.2 - causal [because] quia / quod / quoniam: because, Nemo patriam quia magna est amat, sed quia sua. *cum / *quippe cum: since Cum id facere non possem, quievi. 2.3 - finality [in order to] *ut / *quo / *ne / *neve / *quominus: in order to Ita vixi ut me non frustra natum existimem. 2.4 - consecutive [then] *ut: then, *ut non: without, *quin: but that 2.5 - comparative [like] ut (uti) / sicut / sicut (sicuti) / velut (veluti) / tamquam (tanquam) / prout / quoad: like, *quasi / *quasi vero / *ac (si) / *tamquam (si) / *quasi vero / *velut (si) / *quasi vero / *ut (si): as if 2.6 - conditional [if] si: if, sin autem: but if, si modo: if only, nisi: unless, siminus / si non: if not, dum: while, dummodo: provided that 2.7 - concessive [although] quamquam / etsi: althought, etiam: even if, *quamvis / *cum / *ut / *licet: althought