INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN
quis quid [who? which? what?]
|
SG.
|
M. |
F. |
N. |
| Nom. |
quis |
quis |
quid |
| Gen. |
cuius |
cuius |
cuius |
| Dat. |
cui |
cui |
cui |
| Acc. |
quem |
quem |
quid |
| Abl. |
quo |
quo |
quo |
| PL |
|
|
|
| Nom. |
qui |
quae |
quae |
| Gen. |
quorum |
quarum |
quorum |
| Dat. |
quibus |
quibus |
quibus |
| Acc. |
quos |
quas |
quae |
| Abl. |
quibus |
quibus |
quibus |
quis librum tibi dedit? [Who gave you the book?]
cuius librum Caecilius tibi dedit? [Whose book did Caecilius give you?]
cui librum Grumio dedit? [To whom did Grumio gave the book?]
quid dedit? [What did he give?]
a quo praemium datum est? [By whom was the reward given?]
Interrogatives are sometimes modified by adding the prefix ec- or the suffix -nam.
ecquis? [is there anyone who?]
quisnam? [who, pray tell?]
quid? (n. acc.) can be used as an adverb to mean 'why?' [for what reason?].
Quid hic nunc stas? [Why are you standing here now?]
RELATIVE PRONOUN
qui quae quod [who, which, that]
SG. |
M. |
F. |
N. |
| Nom. |
qui |
quae |
quod |
| Gen. |
cuius |
cuius |
cuius |
| Dat. |
cui |
cui |
cui |
| Acc. |
quem |
quam |
quod |
| Abl. |
quo |
qua |
quo |
| PL |
|
|
|
| Nom. |
qui |
quae |
quae |
| Gen. |
quorum |
quarum |
quorum |
| Dat. |
quibus |
quibus |
quibus |
| Acc. |
quos |
quas |
quae |
| Abl. |
quibus |
quibus |
quibus |
The gender and number of a relative pronoun are determined by its antecedent, the case, however, by its use in its own clause.
vir qui librum tibi dedit te laudavit. [The man who gave you the book praised you.]
vir cuius librum Caecilius tibi dedit te laudavit. [The man whose book Caecilius gave you prasied you.]
vir cui Caecilius librum dedit te laudavit. [The man to whom Caecilius gave the book praised you.]
femina quam laudas est docta. [The woman whom you are praising is talented.]
homo de quo dicebas est amicus carus. [The man about whom you were speaking is a dear friend.]
INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE
qui quae quod [what? which? what sort of?].
Its forms are identical to those of the relative pronoun, except that quis is occasionally substituted as the nominative singular of qui and quae.
qui venti cursum tibi dederunt? [Which winds gave you your course?]
cuius libri fuit Cicero auctor? [Of which gook was Cicero the author?]
cui amico librum dederunt? [To which friend did they give the book?]
quem librum tibi dedit? [Which book did he give you?]
quod praemium dedit? [What reward did he give?]