À¹Ä_¼ü
2005¦~12¤ë10¤é
±q¸ô©ö¤C¥@¬Ý¤¤¥@¬ö¤ý«Ç±B«Ã
¤@.
¤Þ¨¥
¸ô©ö¤C¥@(Louis VII le jeune)¬Oªk°ê¥d¨Ø¤ý´Âªº°ê¤ý¡A¤÷¿Ë¬O¸ô©ö¤»¥@(Louis VI le Gros)¡A¥À¿Ë¬O²ö¨½®¦ªºªü¼wµÜ¼w(Adˆmlaide of Maurienne)¡C§@¬°²Ä¤GÓ¨à¤l¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤@ª½¨S¾¬±æ¦¨¬°°ê¤ý¡A¦]¦Ó§ë¤J©v±Ðªº¼ö§Õ¤§¤¤¡A[1]¥L¦b¦~«C®É¤w¬O¤@¦ì°@¸Ûªº°ò·þ®{¡CµM¦Ó¡A¦]¨ä¥Sµá§Q´¶(Philippe)³u¥@¡A¥L·N¥~¦a¦¨¬°ªk°ê¤ý´ÂªºÄ~©Ó¤H¡F[2]±q¦¹¡A¥L³Q¹G©ñ±ó×¹D°|ªº¥Í¬¡¡A§ó¥ý«á¤T¦¸µ²±B¡C
±q¾ú¥v¸ê®Æ¥i¨£¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¬O¤@¦ì¡u¸T¼¤ªÌ¡v[3]¡A¨ä§ÓÄ@¬O§ë¤J«H¥õ¥Í¬¡¡CµM¦Ó¡A¦b¦¨¬°ªk¤ý¥H«á¡A°ò©óºûô¤ý«Çªº»Ýn¤Î¬Fªv¦]¯À¡A¥L¥²¶·µ²±B¤Î²£¥Í¨k©ÊÄ~©Ó¤H¡C¦]¦¹¡A¥»¤å¥H¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº±B«Ã¬°¤Á¤JÂI¡A±´°Q¥L¦¨¬°°ê¤ý«á¡A¯à§_«O«ù¨äÓ¤H·NÄ@¡B°í«ù¨ä«H¥õ©MÆ[©À¡F¥H¤Î°Q½×¥Lªº©v±Ð¼ö§Õ¡A¦p¦ó¼vÅT¨ä±B«Ã¡C±q³o¤è±ªº°Q½×¡A¥»¤å¹Á¸Õ¤Ï¬M¤¤¥@¬ö¤ý«Ç±B«Ãªº¤@¨Ç±»ª¡C
¤G.
¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº©v±Ð¼ö§Õ
¦b¥®¦~®É´Á¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤w¶}®i¥L¹ï©v±Ðªº°l¨D¡A³o¨Ç¦´Áªº©v±Ð¼vÅT¡A§Î¦¨
¤F¥L«á¨Ó¹ï¸T¼¤ªººA«×¡C
¦p¤Wz©Ò¨¥¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@©ó¥®¦~®É¡A«K¹w³Æ¤F¦b×¹D°|¥Í¬¡¡C¤Q·³¥H«e¡A¥L¦b¸t¤¦¥§´µ¬Ó®a×¹D°|(Abbey of Saint-Denis)¤º¥Í¬¡¡A¸òÀH×¹D°|°|ªøתN(Suger)¾Ç²ß¡C[4] ´¶¹M»{¬°¡A¦bµ£¦~®É¥L¤w¹³¡u¤p×¹D¤h¡v¤@¼Ë¡C§Y¨Ï¦b1131¦~³Q¥[°Ã¬°ªk¤ý¡A¥L¤´°í«ù¦b×¹D°|¾Ç²ß¡A¥i¨£¥L¹ï©v±Ð¦³«Ü¤jªº¿³½ì©M¼ö¸Û¡C[5]
¸ô©ö¤C¥@¹ï©v±Ðªº¼ö§Õ¡A§ó¤Ï¬M¦b¦¨¦~«á¡A¥L¹ï¸T¼¤ªº°í«ù¡C®Ú¾Ú¾É׸ê®Æ¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¦b«k¦á²Ä(Burgundy) ¾Ô§Ð«á¡A±w¤W¦]¹L«×¸T¼¤¦Ó¤Þ°_ªº¯f¯g¡C·í®ÉªºÂå¥Í¤Î¯«Â¾¤Hû¡A¬Ò«Øij¤@¨Ç¤k¤lµ¹¥L¡A±q¦ÓÂåªv¥Lªº¯f¡C¦ý°ò©ó±j¯Pªº©v±Ð«H©À¡A¥L¹ç¥i°í«ù¸T¼¤¡J¡§If there is no other cure than this for the illness, let the Lord do his will on me. I prefer to die chaste (¡§castus¡¨) than to live an adulterer.¡¨ [6] ¹ï¸ô©ö¤C¥@¦Ó¨¥¡A©v±Ð«H¥õ¤ñ¨ä¥Í©R§ó«n¡C
¤T.
¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº¤T¬q±B«Ã
Áa¨Ï¸ô©ö¤C¥@¦³§Ó§ë¤J©v±Ð¥Í¬¡¡A¦Ó¥B°í«ù¸T¼¤¡A¦ýê©óªk¤ýªº¨¥÷¡A¥L¥²
¶·µ²±B¤Î²£¥ÍÄ~©ÓªÌ¡C¦p¾ÇªÌ«ü¥X¤ý«Ç±B«Ãªº«n©Ê¡J¡u¥Ñ©ó¯e¯f©M·N¥~¦º¤`ªº«Â¯Ù¡A¥LÌ»Ýn¨k©ÊÄ~©Ó¤H ¡X ¤j¶qªº¨k©ÊÄ~©Ó¤H¡v[7]¡A¥i¨£±B«Ã¹ï¤ý´Âµo®i¡A¦³µ´¹ïªº«n©Ê¡C±q¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤¡A§ó¥i¨£¤ý«Ç±B«Ãªº«n©Ê¡A¤ñÓ¤Hªº©v±Ð°l¨D (Ó¤H¦]¯À) §ó¬°ÅãµÛ¡C
¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº²Ä¤@¥ô©d¤l¬O¦ã§Q¿Õ¡]Eleanor of Aquitaine¡^¡A¥LÌ©ó1137¦~µ²±B¡C¸ô©ö¤»¥@¦w±Æ³o¬q±B«Ã¡A¦]¨ä¨à¤l¥i±q¤¤±o¨ì¦ã§Q¿Õªº¶ù§© ¡X ¨È«¶¤¦«Ê¦a¤Î·í¦aªº«Ê¦Ú¡C[8]¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A³o¬q±B«Ã§¹¥þ¬O«Ø°ò©ó¬Fªv¤Î¸gÀÙªº¦Ò¼{¡A¦ÓÓ¤Hªº¦]¯À¨Ã¤£«n¡CÁöµM¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤£·Q©ñ±ó©v±Ð¥Í¬¡¡A¦ý¥L¤´n¶¶ªA©ó¤÷¿Ë[9]¡A¥H¤ý´Âªº§Q¯q¬°«¡C
ºîÆ[¸ô©ö¤C¥@²Ä¤G¡B¤T¦¸ªº±B«Ã¡A¨ä°Ê¾÷¤]¬O¬°¤F¤ý´Â§Q¯q¡J¹ï¨kÄ~©Ó¤Hªº»Ý¨D¡C¦]¬°¦ã§Q¿Õ¥u¬°¥L¥Í¤F¨â¦W¤k¨à¡A¥L«K¦b1154¦~»PConstance of Castile µ²±B¡CµM¦Ó¡AConstance ¤]¥u¥Í¤F¨â¦W¤k¨à¡A¨ä«á¦b1160¦~¦º©ó¤À®Y¡C¦b²Ä¤G¥ô©d¤l¦º¥h¨â¬P´Á¤º¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¨M©w¦A°ù²Ä¤T¥ô©d¤lAdˆole de Champagne¡C[10]©úÅã¦a¡A¥L«æ©ó¦A±Bªºì¦]¡A¬O¦]¬°¤´¥¼¦³¨kÄ~©ÓªÌ¡J
¡§Within
a fortnight, Louis announced his intention to take a third wife, Adˆole of
Blois-Champagne¡KChroniclers
reflect the prevailing view that the monarch should take another wife for his
own well-being, and to father a much needed son¡¨[11]
Y°Ñ¦Ò¾É׸ê®Æ¡A¥i¨£Constance of Brittany ¼g«Hµ¹¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤§®É¡A¥¿È¸ô©ö¤C¥@¥´ºâ°ù²Ä¤T¥ô©d¤l¡C[12]¥Ñ¦¹ÃÒ©ú¡A·í®É¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤Q¤À¾á¤ß©ÓÄ~°ÝÃD¡A¤~«æ©óµ²±B¡C
±q¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº¨Ò¤l¤¤¡A¥i¨£¨ä±B«Ã½lµ²§¹¥þ¬O¬°¤F°ê®a§Q¯q¡C¦b¤ý´Â§Q¯q·í«e¡A¥L¥²¶·©ñ¤UÓ¤H·NÄ@¡A¥H¤Î¹ï©v±Ð¡B¸T¼¤ªº°í«ù¡C
¥|.
¸ô©ö¤C¥@»P¦ã§Q¿Õªº±B«Ã
¥»³¡¥÷¥H¸ô©ö¤C¥@»P¦ã§Q¿Õªº±B«Ã¬°¨Ò¡A°Q½×¸ô©ö¤C¥@ªº©v±Ð¼ö§Õ¡A¦p¦ó¤Þ°_¥L»P¦ã§Q¿Õªº½Ä¬ð¡A±q¦Ó¼vÅT³o¬q±B«Ã¡C
¸ô©ö¤C¥@¹ï©v±Ðªº°l¨D¡Aºc¦¨¤F¥L̪º¤Àª[¡C¦b±B«Ãªºªì´Á¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤´±Mª`©ó¯«¾Ç©M©v±Ð¥Í¬¡¡A±q·í®Éªº°O¿ý¤¤¡A¥i¨£¥L±`±`®Iº©ó¬èë©Î¸T¹ÂN§Ù¡C[13] ¦ã§Q¿Õ´¿¦h¦¸¬°¦¹ªí¹F¤£º¡¡A¦o»{¬°¦Û¤v¶ùµ¹¤F¤@Óפh¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¤@Ó°ê¤ý¡A§ó¦]¦¹¸g±`¸ò¸ô©ö¤C¥@ª§°õ¡C[14]
§óÄY«ªº¬O¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤´¨ü¨ä¸T¼¤¥D·N¼vÅT¡A¼W¥[¤F¥L̤§¶¡ªº½Ä¬ð¡C¥L«Ü¤Ö±´±æ©d¤l¡AÁa¨Ï¥L̦P§É¦@ªE¡A¨ä¥Øªº¤]¥u¬O¬°¤FÁc´Þ¤U¤@¥N¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¬°¤FÅw®®¡CµM¦Ó¦]¬°¸ô©ö¤C¥@«Ü¤Ö»P©d¤l¤@°_¡A¦ã§Q¿ÕÃh¥¥ªº¾÷·|´î¤Ö¤F¡A²£¥Í©ÓÄ~ªÌªº¾÷·|¤]³Q´î§C¡C[15]¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¹ï©v±Ðªº°l¨D¡A¹ï¥L̪º±B«Ã¦³t±¼vÅT¡A§óºc¦¨©ÓÄ~°ÝÃD¡C
¨ä«á¥LÌÃö«Y¯}µõ¡AÁöµMÂù¤è¤]¦³·NÂ÷±B¡A¦ý¸ô©ö¤C¥@¦bתNªºÄU§i¤U¡A¬°¤F¤ý´Âªº§Q¯q¤Î¨È«¶¤¦«Ê¦a¡A¤´ºû«ù¦W¦s¹ê¤`ªº±B«Ã¡C[16] ª½¦Ü¦ã§Q¿Õ²Ä¤GLµLªk½Ï¤U¨kÀ¦¡A¸ô©ö¤C¥@¤~»P¤§Â÷±B: ¡§for dynastic concerns persuaded Louis that his need of a male heir must take precedence over his emotional ties to a disaffected wife.¡¨[17] ³o¸Ì¦A¤@¦¸ÃÒ©ú¡A±B«ÃªºÂ÷¦X¨ú¨M©ó¤ý´Âªº§Q¯q¡A¤Î©ÓÄ~ªÌªº¦Ò¼{¡A¦Ó¤£¬OÓ¤H¦]¯À¤Î·NÄ@¡C
¤.
Á`µ²
Á`¬A¦Ó¨¥¡AÁöµM¸ô©ö¤C¥@¦³¨äÓ¤H·NÄ@ ¡X §ë¤J©v±Ð¥Í¬¡¤Î°í«ù¸T¼¤¡A¦ý
¬O¡A¦b±B«Ã¡B½Ï¤U©ÓÄ~ªÌªº»Ý¨D¤U¡A¥L¨Ã¥¼¯à°í«ù¨äÓ¤H·NÄ@¡C±q¥»¤åªº°Q½×¤¤¡A¥i¨£¸ô©ö¤C¥@¬°¤F¤ý´Â§Q¯q¡A©ñ±ó¨ä§¹¥þ¸T¼¤ªººA«×¡A¹ð¦¸µ²±B¤Î¹Á¸Õ½Ï¤U¨kÀ¦¡C§Y¨Ï¥L¦b±B«Ã¸Ì¡A¹Á¸Õºû«ù¨ä©v±Ð¼ö§Õ¡A¦ýµ²ªG¾ÉP¨ä±B«Ã¥¢±Ñ¡C¥Ñ¦¹¤Ï¬M¤F¤¤¥@¬öªº¤ý«Ç±B«Ã¡A¹ï¤ý´Âªºµo®i·¥¬°«n¡A¦Ó¥B¡A¨ä«n©Ê©¹©¹À£Ë¤FÓ¤H·NÄ@¡C
¤».
°Ñ¦Ò®Ñ¥Ø
Primary Sources
1.
Medieval Sourcebook: Constance of
Secondary Sources
2.
Ffiona Swabey, Eleanor of
3.
D.D.R. Owen., Eleanor of
4.
Alison Weir., Eleanor of
5.
Amy Kelly, Eleanor of
Articles from Journal
6. Diggelmann, L., Marriage as Tactical Response: Henry II and the Royal Wedding of 1160 (English Historical Review 119, 483, 2004)
7.
¥Û¼w¤~¡A·í¥N°ê¤º¥~¾ÇªÌ¹ï¼Ú¬w¤¤¥@¬ö±B«Ã°ÝÃDªº¬ã¨s (¥v¾Ç²z½×¬ã¨s, 2003¦~01´Á)
[1] Alison Weir., Eleanor of
[2] D.D.R. Owen., Eleanor of
[3] Medieval Sourcebook: Constance
of
[4] Ffiona Swabey, Eleanor of
[5] Alison Weir., Eleanor of
[6] Medieval Sourcebook: Constance
of
[7] ¥Û¼w¤~¡A·í¥N°ê¤º¥~¾ÇªÌ¹ï¼Ú¬w¤¤¥@¬ö±B«Ã°ÝÃDªº¬ã¨s (¥v¾Ç²z½×¬ã¨s, 2003¦~01´Á), ¶107¡C
[8] Ffiona Swabey, Eleanor of
[9] Alison Weir., Eleanor of
[10] Amy Kelly, Eleanor of
[11] Diggelmann, L., Marriage as
Tactical Response: Henry II and the Royal Wedding of 1160 (English Historical
Review 119, 483, 2004), pp. 957-962.
[12] Medieval Sourcebook: Constance
of
[13] Alison Weir., Eleanor of
[14] D.D.R. Owen., Eleanor of
[15] Alison Weir., Eleanor of
[16] Ibid., 72, 77.
[17] D.D.R. Owen., Eleanor of