| Rerum gestarum divi Augusti, quibus orbem terrarum imperio populi Romani subiecit, et impensarum quas in rem publicam populumque Romanum fecit, incisarum in duabus aheneis pilis, quae sunt Romae positae, exemplar subiectum. |
A copy below of the deeds of the divine Augustus, by which he subjected the whole wide earth to the rule of the Roman people, and of the money which he spent for the state and Roman people, inscribed on two bronze pillars, which are set up in Rome. |
兹将竖立于罗马城两根铜柱上镌刻的神圣奥古斯都的功德——他因此将整个世界置于罗马人民的治下——与他给国家和罗马人民的付出迻录如次。 |
| [1] Annos undeviginti natus exercitum privato consilio et privata impensa comparavi, per quem rem publicam a dominatione factionis oppressam in libertatem vindicavi. [Ob quae] senatus decretis honorificis in ordinem suum me adlegit, C. Pansa et A. Hirtio consulibus, consularem locum sententiae dicendae tribuens, et imperium mihi dedit. Res publica ne quid detrimenti caperet, me propraetore simul cum consulibus providere iussit. Populus autem eodem anno me consulem, cum cos. uterque bello cecidisset, et triumvirum rei publicae constituendae creavit. |
1. In my nineteenth year, on my own initiative and at my own expense, I raised an army with which I set free the state, which was oppressed by the domination of a faction. For that reason, the senate enrolled me in its order by laudatory resolutions, when Gaius Pansa and Aulus Hirtius were consuls (43 B.C.E.), assigning me the place of a consul in the giving of opinions, and gave me the imperium. With me as propraetor, it ordered me, together with the consuls, to take care lest any detriment befall the state. But the people made me consul in the same year, when the consuls each perished in battle, and they made me a triumvir for the settling of the state. |
1． 十九岁时， 我用私人财产自行组建军队， 并用它恢复了为派系势力主宰的共和国的自由。 因此，在盖尤斯·庞萨和阿乌鲁斯·希尔提乌斯任执政官时， 元老院通过嘉奖令选我为其成员，同时使我拥有同于执政官的发言权，并授予我最高指挥权。元老院命我为代大法官，与执政官一起防范国家遭受任何危险之事。同年，由于两位执政官阵亡，人民又选我为执政官和掌管国务的三人之一。 |
| [2] Qui parentem meum trucidaverunt, eos in exilium expuli iudiciis legitimis ultus eorum facinus, et postea bellum inferentis rei publicae vici bis acie. |
2. I drove the men who slaughtered my father into exile with a legal order, punishing their crime, and afterwards, when they waged war on the state, I conquered them in two battles. |
2． 依法律裁决， 我将那些刺杀我父亲 的人放逐域外，以惩其罪；之后他们向共和国开战，我两次于阵前击败他们。 |
| [3] Bella terra et mari civilia externaque toto in orbe terrarum saepe gessi, victorque omnibus veniam petentibus civibus peperci. Externas gentes, quibus tuto ignosci potuit, conservare quam excidere malui. Millia civium Romanorum sub sacramento meo fuerunt circiter quingenta. Ex quibus deduxi in colonias aut remisi in municipia sua stipendis emeritis millia aliquanto plura quam trecenta, et iis omnibus agros adsignavi aut pecuniam pro praemiis militiae dedi. Naves cepi sescentas praeter eas, si quae minores quam triremes fuerunt. |
3. I often waged war, civil and foreign, on the earth and sea, in the whole wide world, and as victor I spared all the citizens who sought pardon. As for foreign nations, those which I was able to safely forgive, I preferred to preserve than to destroy. About five hundred thousand Roman citizens were sworn to me. I led something more than three hundred thousand of them into colonies and I returned them to their cities, after their stipend had been earned, and I assigned all of them fields or gave them money for their military service. I captured six hundred ships in addition to those smaller than triremes. |
3． 我在全世界的陆地和海域进行内外战争，作为胜者，我宽免了所有请求饶恕的公民。对那些可以被宽恕而无害的外族，我宁愿保护而不翦灭他们。大约五十万罗马公民向我宣誓效忠；我将其中服役期满的三十余万人送到殖民城或遣回其自己的城镇，并为所有这些人分配土地或支付钱款作为服役的薪酬。如将那些小于三列桨战船的船只除外，我俘获了六百艘战船。 |
| [4] Bis ovans triumphavi, tris egi curulis triumphos et appellatus sum viciens et semel imperator. Cum autem pluris triumphos mihi senatus decrevisset, iis supersedi. Laurum de fascibus deposui in Capitolio, votis quae quoque bello nuncupaveram solutis. Ob res a me aut per legatos meos auspicis meis terra marique prospere gestas quinquagiens et quinquiens decrevit senatus supplicandum esse dis immortalibus. Dies autem, per quos ex senatus consulto supplicatum est, fuere DCCCLXXXX. In triumphis meis ducti sunt ante currum meum reges aut regum liberi novem. Consul fueram terdeciens, cum scribebam haec, et agebam septimum et tricensimum tribuniciae potestatis. |
4. Twice I triumphed with an ovation, and three times I enjoyed a curule triumph and twenty one times I was named emperor. When the senate decreed more triumphs for me, I sat out from all of them. I placed the laurel from the fasces in the Capitol, when the vows which I pronounced in each war had been fulfilled. On account of the things successfully done by me and through my officers, under my auspices, on earth and sea, the senate decreed fifty-five times that there be sacrifices to the immortal gods. Moreover there were 890 days on which the senate decreed there would be sacrifices. In my triumphs kings and nine children of kings were led before my chariot. I had been consul thirteen times, when I wrote this, and I was in the thirty-seventh year of tribunician power (14 A.C.E.). |
4． 我举行过两次小凯旋式，三次大凯旋式，并曾二十一次被敬称为“最高统帅”。尽管元老院为我颁令了更多的凯旋式，但我置之未理。我将权杖上的月桂花环献给卡皮托尔神庙以践行我在每场战争中所立下的誓言。为了那些由我或在我护佑下的副将在陆地和海上成功完成的事业，元老院曾五十五次下令应向不朽之神献祭。实际上，据元老院令进行的献祭达八百九十天。在我的凯旋式上，曾有九个王或王子被引领在我的战车前。到我撰述这些时，我十三次出任执政官，并已拥有三十七年的保民官权。 |
| [5] Dictaturam et apsenti et praesenti mihi delatam et a populo et a senatu, M. Marcello et L. Arruntio consulibus non acccepi. Non recusavi in summa frumenti penuria curationem annonae, quam ita administravi, ut intra paucos dies metu et periclo praesenti populum universum liberarem impensa et cura mea. Consulatum quoque tum annuum et perpetuum mihi delatum non recepi. |
5. When the dictatorship was offered to me, both in my presence and my absence, by the people and senate, when Marcus Marcellus and Lucius Arruntius were consuls (22 B.C.E.), I did not accept it. I did not evade the curatorship of grain in the height of the food shortage, which I so arranged that within a few days I freed the entire city from the present fear and danger by my own expense and administration. When the annual and perpetual consulate was then again offered to me, I did not accept it. |
5． 马尔库斯·马克卢斯和卢基乌斯·阿伦提乌斯任执政官时，无论当我缺席还是在场，由元老院和罗马人民授予我的独裁官职，我均未接受。粮食紧缺时，我并未推却粮官一职。接管后数日内我用自己的财力将所有公民从他们所处的恐慌和危机中解救出来。当时授予我的年执政官及终身执政官职位，我亦未接受。 |
| [6] Consulibus M. Vinicio et Q. Lucretio et postea P. Lentulo et Cn. Lentulo et tertium Paullo Fabio Maximo et Q. Tuberone senatu populoque Romano consentientibus ut curator legum et morum summa potestate solus crearer, nullum magistratum contra morem maiorum delatum recepi. Quae tum per me geri senatus voluit, per tribuniciam potestatem perfeci, cuius potestatis conlegam et ipse ultro quinquiens a senatu depoposci et accepi. |
6. When Marcus Vinicius and Quintus Lucretius were consuls (19 B.C.E.), then again when Publius Lentulus and Gnaeus Lentulus were (18 B.C.E.), and third when Paullus Fabius Maximus and Quintus Tubero were (11 B.C.E.), although the senateand Roman people consented that I alone be made curator of the laws and customs with the highest power, I received no magistracy offered contrary to the customs of the ancestors. What the senate then wanted to accomplish through me, I did through tribunician power, and five times on my own accord I both requested and received from the senate a colleague in such power. |
6． 在马尔库斯·维尼基乌斯和昆图斯·鲁克雷提乌斯任执政官时，后来在普布里乌斯·兰图卢斯和格奈乌斯·兰图卢斯任执政官时，而第三次在保路斯·费边·马克西姆斯和昆图斯·图贝罗努斯任执政官时，尽管元老院和罗马人民一致任命我为独自全权负责法律及道德事务的督导，我没有接受任何授予我、违背祖先传统的职权。其时，元老院希望我处理的事务，我通过保民官的职权处置；而且在这个职位上，经我的要求，我五次与元老院派来的同僚共治。 |
| [7] Triumvirum rei publicae constituendae fui per continuos annos decem. Princeps senatus fui usque ad eum diem quo scripseram haec per annos quadraginta. Pontifex maximus, augur, XV virum sacris faciundis, VII virum epulonum, frater arvalis, sodalis Titius, fetialis fui. |
7. I was triumvir for the settling of the state for ten continuous years. I was first of the senate up to that day on which I wrote this, for forty years. I was high priest, augur, one of the Fifteen for the performance of rites, one of the Seven of the sacred feasts, brother of Arvis, fellow of Titus, and Fetial. |
7． 我连续十年为管理共和国的三人之一。 到我叙述这些之日，我任元首已四十年。我曾任大祭司长、占卜官、十五人祭司团成员、七人圣宴团成员、阿尔瓦里斯祭司团成员、塔提乌斯神会成员、外交使团成员。 |
| [8] Patriciorum numerum auxi consul quintum iussu populi et senatus. Senatum ter legi, et in consulatu sexto censum populi conlega M. Agrippa egi. Lustrum post annum alterum et quadragensimum feci, quo lustro civium Romanorum censa sunt capita quadragiens centum millia et sexaginta tria millia. Tum iterum consulari cum imperio lustrum solus feci C. Censonno et C. Asinio cos., quo lustro censa sunt civium Romanorum capita quadragiens centum millia et ducenta triginta tria millia. Et tertium consulari cum imperio lustrum conlega Tib. Caesare filio meo feci Sex. Pompeio et Sex. Appuleio cos., quo lustro censa sunt civium Romanorum capitum quadragiens centum millia et nongenta triginta et septem millia. Legibus novis me auctore latis multa exempla maiorum exolescentia iam ex nostro saeculo reduxi et ipse multarum rerum exempla imitanda posteris tradidi. |
8. When I was consul the fifth time (29 B.C.E.), I increased the number of patricians by order of the people and senate. I read the roll of the senate three times, and in my sixth consulate (28 B.C.E.) I made a census of the people with Marcus Agrippa as my colleague. I conducted a lustrum, after a forty-one year gap, in which lustrum were counted 4,063,000 heads of Roman citizens. Then again, with consular imperium I conducted a lustrum alone when Gaius Censorinus and Gaius Asinius were consuls (8 B.C.E.), in which lustrum were counted 4,233,000 heads of Roman citizens. And the third time, with consular imperium, I conducted a lustrum with my son Tiberius Caesar as colleague, when Sextus Pompeius and Sextus Appuleius were consuls (14 A.C.E.), in which lustrum were counted 4,937,000 of the heads of Roman citizens. By new laws passed with my sponsorship, I restored many traditions of the ancestors, which were falling into disuse in our age, and myself I handed on precedents of many things to be imitated in later generations. |
8． 第五次任执政官时，我应人民和元老院之命增加贵族人数。我三次重组元老院。当我以马尔库斯·阿格里帕为同僚第六次出任执政官时，我进行了人口普查。我举行了四十二年来的第一次鲁斯特鲁姆祭仪。在该仪式上有四百零六万三千罗马公民登记在册。第二次，在盖尤斯·肯索里努斯和盖尤斯·阿西尼乌斯任执政官时，我以同于执政官的权力独自举行鲁斯特鲁姆祭仪。此次仪式上，有四百二十三万三千罗马公民登记在册。第三次，在塞克斯图斯·庞培和塞克斯图斯·阿普列伊乌斯任执政官时，我以同于执政官的权力、以我儿子提比略·凯撒为助手举行了鲁斯特鲁姆祭仪。在该仪式中，有四百九十三万七千罗马公民登记在册。通过制订新法律，我恢复了许多已从我们的习俗中废弃的祖先之法，我自己在处理诸多事务上的榜样可供后人效仿。 |
| [9] Vota pro valetudine mea suscipi per consules et sacerdotes quinto quoque anno senatus decrevit. Ex iis votis saepe fecerunt vivo me ludos aliquotiens sacerdotum quattuor amplissima collegia, aliquotiens consules. Privatim etiam et municipatim universi cives unanimiter continenter apud omnia pulvinaria pro valetudine mea supplicaverunt. |
9. The senate decreed that vows be undertaken for my health by the consuls and priests every fifth year. In fulfillment of these vows they often celebrated games for my life; several times the four highest colleges of priests, several times the consuls. Also both privately and as a city all the citizens unanimously and continuously prayed at all the shrines for my health. |
9． 元老院下令，为我祈愿健康的誓言应由执政官和祭司每隔四年举行一次。为践行这些誓言，有时是祭祀团的四位主祭司，有时是执政官，在我一生中经常举行赛会。甚至全体公民，或单独或全城集体，在所有神位前不断地齐心为我的健康祈福。 |
| [10] Nomen meum senatus consulto inclusum est in saliare carmen, et sacrosanctus in perpetum ut essem et, quoad viverem, tribunicia potestas mihi esset, per legem sanctum est. Pontifex maximus ne fierem in vivi conlegae mei locum, populo id sacerdotium deferente mihi quod pater meus habuerat, recusavi. Quod sacerdotium aliquod post annos, eo mortuo qui civilis motus occasione occupaverat, cuncta ex Italia ad comitia mea confluente multitudine, quanta Romae nunquam fertur ante id tempus fuisse, recepi, P. Sulpicio C. Valgio consulibus. |
10. By a senate decree my name was included in the Saliar Hymn, and it was sanctified by a law, both that I would be sacrosanct for ever, and that, as long as I would live, the tribunician power would be mine. I was unwilling to be high priest in the place of my living colleague; when the people offered me that priesthood which my father had, I refused it. And I received that priesthood, after several years, with the death of him who had occupied it since the opportunity of the civil disturbance, with a multitude flocking together out of all Italy to my election, so many as had never before been in Rome, when Publius Sulpicius and Gaius Valgius were consuls (12 B.C.E.). |
10．据元老院令，我的名字被写入萨里意颂歌，又经立法规定了我永久神圣不可侵犯，而且只要我在世，我即拥有保民官权。我没有取代一位仍在世的同僚之位而出任大祭司一职，当人民将那个我父亲曾担任的祭祀团职位授给我时，我拒绝了。只有当几年后那个藉内乱之机占居该职的人逝去，我才接受这个祭司职位，当时正值普布里乌斯·苏尔皮基乌斯和盖尤斯·瓦尔基乌斯任执政官，从整个意大利聚集到我的选举会上的人群众多，正如人所说，这在罗马是前所未有的。 |
| [11] Aram Fortunae Reducis ante aedes Honoris et Virtutis ad portam Capenam pro reditu meo senatus consacravit, in qua pontifices et virgines Vestales anniversarium sacrificium facere iussit eo die quo, consulibus Q. Lucretio et M. Vinicio, in urbem ex Syria redieram, et diem Augustalia ex cognomine nostro appellavit. |
11. The senate consecrated the altar of Fortune the Bringer-back before the temples of Honor and Virtue at the Campanian gate for my retrn, on which it ordered the priests and Vestal virgins to offer yearly sacrifices on the day when I had returned to the city from Syria (when Quintus Lucretius and Marcus Vinicius were consuls (19 Bc)), and it named that day Augustalia after my cognomen. |
11．为纪念我的归来，元老院在卡培那门附近的荣誉与美德神庙前奉献给回归女神一座祭坛，并令高级祭司和维斯塔贞尼每逢我在昆图斯·鲁克雷提乌斯和马尔库斯·维尼基乌斯任执政官时从叙利亚归城的那天在祭坛举行一年一度的献祭仪式，并依我的荣名将该日定名为奥古斯塔利亚。 |
| [12] Ex senatus auctoritate pars praetorum et tribunorum plebi cum consule Q. Lucretio et principibus viris obviam mihi missa est in Campaniam, qui honos ad hoc tempus nemimi praeter me est decretus. Cum ex Hispania Galliaque, rebus in iis provincis prospere gestis, Romam redi, Ti. Nerone P. Qintilio consulibus, aram Pacis Augustae senatus pro reditu meo consacrandam censuit ad campum Martium, in qua magistratus et sacerdotes virginesque Vestales anniversarium sacrificium facere iussit. |
12. By the authority of the senate, a part of the praetors and tribunes of the plebs, with consul Quintus Lucretius and the leading men, was sent to meet me in Campania, which honor had been decreed for no one but me until that time. When I returned to Rome from Spain and Gaul, having successfully accomplished matters in those provinces, when Tiberius Nero and Publius Quintilius were consuls (13 B.C.E.), the senate voted to consecrate the altar of August Peace in the field of Mars for my return, on which it ordered the magistrates and priests and Vestal virgins to offer annual sacrifices. |
12．同时，据元老院令，一部分大法官和平民保民官随同执政官昆图斯·鲁克雷提乌斯和一些上等人被派往坎帕尼亚迎接我，直到那时，此种荣耀未曾加予我之外的任何人。当我成功完成行省事务从西班牙和高卢回归罗马时，正值提比略·尼禄和普布里乌斯·昆提里乌斯任执政官，为纪念我的归来，元老院决定在马尔斯广场奉献神圣的和平祭坛，并命各行政长官、祭司和维斯塔贞尼在该处举行一年一度的献祭仪式。 |
| [13] Ianum Quinnum, quem claussum esse maiores nostri voluerunt cum per totum imperium populi Romani terra marique esset parta victoriis pax, cum priusquam nascerer, a condita urbe bis omnino clausum fuisse prodatur memoriae, ter me principe senatus claudendum esse censuit. |
13. Our ancestors wanted Janus Quirinus to be closed when throughout the all the rule of the Roman people, by land and sea, peace had been secured through victory. Although before my birth it had been closed twice in all in recorded memory from the founding of the city, the senate voted three times in my principate that it be closed. |
13． 我们的祖先规定，每当在罗马人民的整个帝国内的陆地和海洋上以胜利开创了和平时，亚努斯·奎里努斯神庙应被关闭，尽管据史册记载，自建城以来到我出生前，该神庙共被关闭两次，在我任元首期间，元老院三次下令关闭该神庙。 |
| [14] Filios meos, quos iuvenes mihi eripuit fortuna, Gaium et Lucium Caesares honoris mei caussa senatus populusque Romanus annum quintum et decimum agentis consules designavit, ut eum magistratum inirent post quinquennium, et ex eo die quo deducti sunt in forum ut interessent consiliis publicis decrevit senatus. Equites autem Romani universi principem iuventutis utrumque eorum parmis et hastis argenteis donatum appellaverunt. |
14. When my sons Gaius and Lucius Caesar, whom fortune stole from me as youths, were fourteen, the senate and Roman people made them consuls-designate on behalf of my honor, so that they would enter that magistracy after five years, and the senate decreed that on thatday when they were led into the forum they would be included in public councils. Moreover the Roman knights together named each of them first of the youth and gave them shields and spears. |
14．因我的荣耀，元老院和罗马人民在我的两个儿子盖尤斯·凯撒和卢基乌斯·凯撒——命运女神在二人年少时即将之从我身边夺走——十五岁时选派他们为指定执政官，这样他们将在五年后就任该职；而且自他们被带进集会广场之日起，元老院即令他们可以参与国务讨论。此外，所有罗马骑士尊称他们为青年之首，二人均被赠予银质的盾和矛。 |
| [15] Plebei Romanae viritim HS trecenos numeravi ex testamento patris mei et nomine meo HS quadringenos ex bellorum manibiis consul quintum dedi, iterum autem in consulatu decimo ex patrimonio meo HS quadringenos congiari viritim pernumeravi, et consul undecimum duodecim frumentationes frumento privatim coempto emensus sum, et tribunicia potestate duodecimum quadringenos nummos tertium viritim dedi. Quae mea congiaria pervenerunt ad hominum millia numquam minus quinquaginta et ducenta. Tribuniciae potestatis duodevicensimum, consul XII, trecentis et viginti millibus plebis urbanae sexagenos denarios viritim dedi. Et colonis militum meorum consul quintum ex manibiis viritim millia nummum singula dedi; acceperunt id triumphale congiarium in colonis hominum circiter centum et viginti millia. Consul tertium decimum sexagenos denarios plebei quae tum frumentum publicum accipiebat dedi; ea millia hominum paullo plura quam ducenta fuerunt. |
15. I paid to the Roman plebs, HS 300 per man from my father's will and in my own name gave HS 400 from the spoils of war when I was consul for the fifth time (29 B.C.E.); furthermore I again paid out a public gift of HS 400 per man, in my tenth consulate (24 B.C.E.), from my own patrimony; and, when consul for the eleventh time (23 B.C.E.), twelve doles of grain personally bought were measured out; and in my twelfth year of tribunician power (12-11 B.C.E.) I gave HS 400 per man for the third time. And these public gifts of mine never reached fewer than 250,000 men. In my eighteenth year of tribunician power, as consul for the twelfth time (5 B.C.E.), I gave to 320,000 plebs of the city HS 240 per man. And, when consul the fifth time (29 B.C.E.), I gave from my war-spoils to colonies of my soldiers each HS 1000 per man; about 120,000 men in the colonies received this triumphal public gift. Consul for the thirteenth time (2 B.C.E.), I gave HS 240 to the plebs who then received the public grain; they were a few more than 200,000. |
15．我遵照父亲的遗嘱付给罗马平民每人三百塞斯特斯，在我第五次任执政官时，又以我自己之名从战利品中赠给每人四百塞斯特斯，在我第十次任执政官时我又一次从我所得的遗产中分给每人四百塞斯特斯的施舍，在我第十一次任执政官时我用自己购买的谷物分赠了十二次粮食，在我执掌保民官权的第十二年，我第三次向每人分发四百塞斯特斯的数额。我的这些赠款泽及之人从未少于二十五万人。在我执掌保民官权第十八年，即第十二次任执政官时，我向三十二万城市平民每人赠六十第纳里。当我第五次任执政官时，在我的士兵殖民地中，我从战利品中向每人赠与一千塞斯特斯；约有十二万殖民地中的人接受了这份凯旋赠款。当我第十三次任执政官时我向当时正接受公共粮食的平民每人赠送六十第纳里；其人数略多于二十万。 |
| [16] Pecuniam pro agris quos in consulatu meo quarto et postea consulibus M. Crasso et Cn. Lentulo Augure adsignavi militibus solvi municipis; ea summa sestertium circiter sexsiens milliens fuit quam pro Italicis praedis numeravi, et circiter bis milliens et sescentiens quod pro agris provincialibus solvi. Id primus et solus omnium qui deduxerunt colonias militum in Italia aut in provincis ad memoriam aetatis meae feci. Et postea, Ti. Nerone et Cn. Pisone consulibus itemque C. Antistio et D. Laelio cos. et C. Calvisio et L. Pasieno consulibus et L. Lentulo et M. Messalla consulibus et L. Camnio et Q. Fabricio cos., militibus quos emeriteis stipendis in sua municipia deduxi praemia numerato persolvi, quam in rem sestertium quater milliens circiter impendi. |
16. I paid the towns money for the fields which I had assigned to soldiers in my fourth consulate (30 B.C.E.) and then when Marcus Crassus and Gnaeus Lentulus Augur were consuls (14 B.C.E.); the sum was about HS 600,000,000 which I paid out for Italian estates, and about HS 260,000,000 which I paid for provincial fields. I was first and alone who did this among all who founded military colonies in Italy or the provinces according to the memory of my age. And afterwards, when Tiberius Nero and Gnaeus Piso were consuls (7 B.C.E.), and likewise when Gaius Antistius and Decius Laelius were consuls (6 B.C.E.), and when Gaius Calvisius and Lucius Passienus were consuls (4 B.C.E.), and when Lucius Lentulus and Marcus Messalla were consuls (3 B.C.E.), and when Lucius Caninius and Quintus Fabricius were consuls (2 B.C.E.) , I paid out rewards in cash to the soldiers whom I had led into their towns when their service was completed, and in this venture I spent about HS 400,000,000. |
16．在我第四次任执政官和后来当马尔库斯·克拉苏和占卜官格奈乌斯·兰图卢斯任执政官时，我给士兵分配了土地，为此我向各自治城支付了钱款。我为意大利地区的地产花费的总额约为六亿塞斯特斯，而我为行省土地的付出约为两亿六千万塞斯特斯。到我所生活的年代，在所有那些于意大利或各行省建置士兵殖民地的人中，我是第一个也是惟一一个这么做的。后来，在提比略·尼禄和格奈乌斯·皮索任执政官时，同样在盖尤斯·安提斯提乌斯和德基姆斯·莱利乌斯任执政官时，在盖尤斯·卡尔维西乌斯和卢基乌斯·帕西埃努斯任执政官时，在卢基乌斯·兰图卢斯和马尔库斯·梅萨拉任执政官时，在卢基乌斯·卡尼尼乌斯和昆图斯·法布里基乌斯任执政官时，对那些服役期满后我就遣回其自己的自治城的士兵，我酬以现金，为此事我自愿花费了四亿塞斯特斯。 |
| [17] Quater pecunia mea iuvi aerarium, ita ut sestertium milliens et quingentiens ad eos qui praerant aerario detulerim. Et M. Lepido et L. Arruntio cos. in aerarium militare, quod ex consilio meo constitutum est ex quo praemia darentur militibus qui vicena aut plura stipendia emeruissent, HS milliens et septingentiens ex patrimonio meo detuli. |
17. Four times I helped the senatorial treasury with my money, so that I offered HS 150,000,000 to those who were in charge of the treasury. And when Marcus Lepidus and Luciu Arruntius were consuls (6 A.C.E.), I offered HS 170,000,000 from my patrimony to the military treasury, which was founded by my advice and from which rewards were given to soldiers who had served twenty or more times. |
17．我四次用我自己的财产资助国库，这样我向掌管国库的人拨出了一亿五千万塞斯特斯。当马尔库斯·雷必达和卢基乌斯·阿鲁恩提乌斯任执政官时，我从我所得的遗产中拨出一亿七千万塞斯特斯送给因我的提议而设立的军费金库，从中拿出酬金发给那些服役期满二十年以上的士兵。 |
| [18] Ab eo anno quo Cn. et P. Lentulli consules fuerunt, cum deficerent vectigalia, tum centum milibus hominum tum pluribus multo frumentarios et nummarios tributus ex horreo et patrimonio meo edidi. |
18. From that year when Gnaeus and Publius Lentulus were consuls (18 Bc), when the taxes fell short, I gave out contributions of grain and money from my granary and patrimony, sometimes to 100,000 men, sometimes to many more. |
18．从格奈乌斯·兰图卢斯和普布里乌斯·兰图卢斯任执政官之年 开始，每当税收锐减时，我从我的积蓄和所得遗产中有时向十万人、有时向更多的人数提供钱粮赠券。 |
| [19] Curiam et continens ei Chalcidicum templumque Apollinis in Palatio cum porticibus, aedem divi Iuli, Lupercal, porticum ad circum Flaminium, quam sum appellari passus ex nomine eius qui priorem eodem in solo fecerat, Octaviam, pulvinar ad circum maximum, aedes in Capitolio Iovis Feretri Iovis Tonantis, aedem Quirini, aedes Minervae et Iunonis Reginae et Iovis Libertatis in Aventino, aedem Larum in summa sacra via, aedem deum Penatium in Velia, aedem Iuventatis, aedem Matris Magnae in Palatio feci. |
19. I built the senate-house and the Chalcidicum which adjoins it and the temple of Apollo on the Palatine with porticos, the temple of divine Julius, the Lupercal, the portico at the Flaminian circus, which I allowed to be called by the name Octavian, after he who had earlier built in the same place, the state box at the great circus, the temple on the Capitoline of Jupiter Subduer and Jupiter Thunderer, the temple of Quirinus, the temples of Minerva and Queen Juno and Jupiter Liberator on the Aventine, the temple of the Lares at the top of the holy street, the temple of the gods of the Penates on the Velian, the temple of Youth, and the temple of the Great Mother on the Palatine. |
19．我修建的建筑物有元老院会堂和与之相邻的卡尔吉迪库姆，在帕拉丁山上带楹廊的阿波罗神庙，神圣尤利乌斯祠庙，鲁帕尔卡尔神龛，弗拉米尼乌斯竞技场上的柱廊——我准许用之前在同一地点建过柱廊的人的名字将它命名为“奥克塔维亚”，大竞技场的神台，卡皮托尔山上的征服者朱庇特神庙和雷神朱庇特神庙，奎里努斯神庙，在阿芬丁山上的米涅尔瓦神庙、天后朱诺神庙和解放者朱庇特神庙，圣路顶点处的拉莱斯神庙，维里亚高地上的佩纳特斯诸神神庙，青春女神神庙，在帕拉丁山上的西贝拉神庙。 |
| [20] Capitolium et Pompeium theatrum utrumque opus impensa grandi refeci sine ulla inscriptione nominis mei. Rivos aquarum compluribus locis vetustate labentes refeci, et aquam quae Marcia appellatur duplicavi fonte novo in rivum eius inmisso. Forum Iulium et basilicam quae fuit inter aedem Castoris et aedem Saturni, coepta profligataque opera a patre meo, perfeci et eandem basilicam consumptam incendio, ampliato eius solo, sub titulo nominis filiorum meorum incohavi, et, si vivus non perfecissem, perfici ab heredibus meis iussi. Duo et octoginta templa deum in urbe consul sextum ex auctoritate senatus refeci nullo praetermisso quod eo tempore refici debebat. Consul septimum viam Flaminiam ab urbe Ariminum refeci pontesque omnes praeter Mulvium et Minucium. |
20. I rebuilt the Capitol and the theater of Pompey, each work at enormous cost, without any inscription of my name. I rebuilt aqueducts in many places that had decayed with age, and I doubled the capacity of the Marcian aqueduct by sending a new spring into its channel. I completed the Forum of Julius and the basilic which he built between the temple of Castor and the temple of Saturn, works begun and almost finished by my father. When the same basilica was burned with fire I expanded its grounds and I began it under an inscription of the name of my sons, and, if I should not complete it alive, I ordered it to be completed by my heirs. Consul for the sixth time (28 B.C.E.), I rebuilt eighty-two temples of the gods in the city by the authority of the senate, omitting nothing which ought to have been rebuilt at that time. Consul for the seventh time (27 B.C.E.), I rebuilt the Flaminian road from the city to Ariminum and all the bridges except the Mulvian and Minucian. |
20．我重修了卡皮托尔神庙和庞培剧院，两处工程均花费巨款却没有任何我的留题。我改造了多处年久失修的水渠；我还通过引新水源至其管道而将名为马尔西亚的水渠的水量增大了一倍。我完成了由我父亲开始并近乎告竣的工程——尤利亚广场和位于卡斯托尔神庙和萨图尔尼乌斯神庙之间的大会堂，该会堂毁于火灾后，我将原址扩大开始修建以我儿子之名命名的会堂，并下令如我有生之年不能完成，它应由我的后人完成。当我第六次任执政官时，据元老院令，我在罗马城修复了八十二座诸神之庙宇，当时待修之庙无一漏掉。在我第七次任执政官时，我修筑了从罗马到阿瑞米努姆的弗拉米尼亚大道以及除穆尔维乌斯桥和米努基乌斯桥以外的所有桥梁。 |
| [21] In privato solo Martis Ultoris templum forumque Augustum ex manibiis feci. Theatrum ad aedem Apollinis in solo magna ex parte a privatis empto feci, quod sub nomine M. Marcelli generi mei esset. Dona ex manibiis in Capitolio et in aede divi Iuli et in aede Apollinis et in aede Vestae et in templo Martis Ultoris consacravi, quae mihi constiterunt HS circiter milliens. Auri coronari pondo triginta et quinque millia municipiis et colonis Italiae conferentibus ad triumphos meos quintum consul remisi, et postea, quotienscumque imperator appellatus sum, aurum coronarium non accepi decernentibus municipiis et colonis aeque benigne adque antea decreverant. |
21. I built the temple of Mars Ultor on private ground and the forum of Augustus from war-spoils. I build the theater at the temple of Apollo on ground largely bought from private owners, under the name of Marcus Marcellus my son-in-law. I consecrated gifts from war-spoils in the Capitol and in the temple of divine Julius, in the temple of Apollo, in the tempe of Vesta, and in the temple of Mars Ultor, which cost me about HS 100,000,000. I sent back gold crowns weighing 35,000 to the towns and colonies of Italy, which had been contributed for my triumphs, and later, however many times I was named emperor, I refused gold crowns from the towns and colonies which they equally kindly decreed, and before they had decreed them. |
21．在我自己的地产上，我用战利品修建了复仇神马尔斯庙和奥古斯都广场。在阿波罗神庙附近，我在大部分从私人手中购买的土地上修建了剧院，并以我的女婿马尔库斯·马克卢斯的名字命名。我用战利品在卡皮托尔神庙、神圣尤利乌斯祠庙、阿波罗神庙、维斯塔神庙和复仇神马尔斯庙中献祭，共花费我约一亿塞斯特斯。在我第五次任执政官时，我返还了诸自治城和意大利殖民城为我凯旋献出的三万五千磅冕金；此后，每当我被授予“最高统帅”称号时，我不接受来自各自治城和殖民城的冕金，尽管他们就像以前做决定时同样热情地下令进献。 |
| [22] Ter munus gladiatorium dedi meo nomine et quinquiens filiorum meorum aut nepotum nomine, quibus muneribus depugnaverunt hominum circiter decem millia. Bis athletarum undique accitorum spectaculum populo praebui meo nomine et tertium nepotis mei nomine. Ludos feci meo nomine quater, aliorum autem magistratuum vicem ter et viciens. Pro conlegio XV virorum magister conlegii collega M. Agrippa ludos saeclares C. Furnio C. Silano cos. feci. Consul XIII ludos Martiales primus feci quos post id tempus deinceps insequentibus annis s.c. et lege fecerunt consules. Venationes bestiarum Africanarum meo nomine aut filiorum meorum et nepotum in circo aut in foro aut in amphitheatris populo dedi sexiens et viciens, quibus confecta sunt bestiarum circiter tria millia et quingentae. |
22. Three times I gave shows of gladiators under my name and five times under the name of my sons and grandsons; in these shows about 10,000 men fought. Twice I furnished under my name spectacles of athletes gathered from everywhere, and three times under my grandson's name. I celebrated games under my name four times, and furthermore in the place of other magistrates twenty-three times. As master of the college I celebrated the secular games for the college of the Fifteen, with my colleague Marcus Agrippa, when Gaius Furnius and Gaius Silanus were consuls (17 B.C.E.). Consul for the thirteenth time (2 B.C.E.), I celebrated the first games of Mas, which after that time thereafter in following years, by a senate decree and a law, the consuls were to celebrate. Twenty-six times, under my name or that of my sons and grandsons, I gave the people hunts of African beasts in the circus, in the open, or in the amphitheater; in them about 3,500 beasts were killed. |
22．我三次以我自己的名义、五次以我儿子或孙子的名义举办角斗表演；在这些表演中，约有一万人参与战斗。我两次以我自己的名义为人民举行从各处召集来的竞技者表演，第三次以我孙子的名义举行。我四次以自己的名义、二十三次代表其他行政官员举办赛会。在盖尤斯·弗尔尼乌斯和盖尤斯·希拉努斯任执政官时，我代表十五人祭司团——作为该组织的首领——以马尔库斯·阿格里帕为助手举行了世纪赛会。在我第十三次任执政官时，我首次举行了马尔斯赛会，执政官应元老院之命要与我在那之后的年份连续举行该赛会。我曾以我自己的或我儿子、孙子的名义，在竞技场或广场或圆形剧场为人民举行了二十六次阿非利加野兽的猎斗表演，其间约三千五百头猎兽被杀。 |
| [23] Navalis proeli spectaclum populo dedi trans Tiberim in quo loco nunc nemus est Caesarum, cavato solo in longitudinem mille et octingentos pedes, in latitudinem mille et ducenti, in quo triginta rostratae naves triremes aut biremes, plures autem minores inter se conflixerunt; quibus in classibus pugnaverunt praeter remiges millia hominum tria circiter. |
23. I gave the people a spectacle of a naval battle, in the place across the Tiber where the grove of the Caesars is now, with the ground excavated in length 1,800 feet, in width 1,200, in which thirty beaked ships, biremes or triremes, but many smaller, fought among themselves; in these ships about 3,000 men fought in addition to the rowers. |
23．我在台伯河对岸、现为凯撒园林之处为人民举行了海战表演， 那片被挖掘的土地长一千八百足，宽一千二百足。其间，有三十艘三层桨或双层桨的尖首船以及更多的小型船只相互开战。在这些舰船上，除桨勇外，约三千人参战。 |
| [24] In templis omnium civitatium provinciae Asiae victor ornamenta reposui quae spoliatis templis is cum quo bellum gesseram privatim possederat. Statuae meae pedestres et equestres et in quadrigeis argenteae steterunt in urbe XXC circiter, quas ipse sustuli, exque ea pecunia dona aurea in aede Apollinis meo nomine et illorum qui mihi statuarum honorem habuerunt posui. |
24. In the temples of all the cities of the province of Asia, as victor, I replaced the ornaments which he with whom I fought the war had possessed privately after he despoiled the temples. Silver statues of me-on foot, on horseback, and standing in a chariot - were erected in about eighty cities, which I myself removed, and from the money I placed goldn offerings in the temple of Apollo under my name and of those who paid the honor of the statues to me. |
24．作为胜利者，我将各种设施——我与之作战的那人劫掠神庙后据为己有之物——放回亚细亚行省所有城市的诸神庙中。 在罗马城，我的银质站立像、骑马像和战车像约立有八十座，我自己将它们移除并用所得钱款以我自己的和那些给我塑像荣誉的人的名义向阿波罗神庙奉赠金质祭品。 |
| [25] Mare pacavi a praedonibus. Eo bello servorum qui fugerant a dominis suis et arma contra rem publicam ceperant triginta fere millia capta dominis ad supplicium sumendum tradidi. Iuravit in mea verba tota Italia sponte sua, et me belli quo vici ad Actium ducem depoposcit; iuraverunt in eadem verba provinciae Galliae, Hispaniae, Africa, Sicilia, Sardinia. Qui sub signis meis tum militaverint fuerunt senatores plures quam DCC, in iis qui vel antea vel postea consules facti sunt ad eum diem quo scripta sunt haec LXXXIII, sacerdotes circiter CLXX. |
25. I restored peace to the sea from pirates. In that slave war I handed over to their masters for the infliction of punishments about 30,000 captured, who had fled their masters and taken up arms against the state. All Italy swore allegiance to me voluntarily, and demanded me as leader of the war which I won at Actium; the provinces of Gaul, Spain, Africa, Sicily, and Sardinia swore the same allegiance. And those who then fought under my standard were more than 700 senators, among whom 83 were made consuls either before or after, up to the day this was written, and about 170 were made priests. |
25．我解除了海上的海盗威胁。我将在战争中俘获的近三万名战俘——已反叛其主人并武装反对国家——交还其主人以接受责罚。整个意大利自愿向我宣誓效忠，并要求我做我在亚克兴取胜的那场战争的统帅。高卢、西班牙、非洲、西西里和萨丁尼亚诸行省进行了同样的效忠宣誓。当时在我麾下供职的人有七百多名元老，其中有八十三人在那之前和那之后——直到这些被撰述之日——出任执政官，约一百七十人任祭司。 |
| [26] Omnium provinciarum populi Romani quibus finitimae fuerunt gentes quae non parerent imperio nostro fines auxi. Gallias et Hispanias provincias, item Germaniam, qua includit Oceanus a Gadibus ad ostium Albis fluminis pacavi. Alpes a regione ea quae proxima est Hadriano mari ad Tuscum pacificavi nulli genti bello per iniuriam inlato. Classis mea per Oceanum ab ostio Rheni ad solis orientis regionem usque ad fines Cimbrorum navigavit, quo neque terra neque mari quisquam Romanus ante id tempus adit. Cimbrique et Charydes et Semnones et eiusdem tractus alii Germanorum populi per legatos amicitiam meam et populi Romani petierunt. Meo iussu et auspicio ducti sunt duo exercitus eodem fere tempore in Aethiopiam et in Arabiam quae appellatur Eudaemon, magnaeque hostium gentis utriusque copiae caesae sunt in acie et complura oppida capta. In Aethiopiam usque ad oppidum Nabata perventum est, cui proxima est Meroe; in Arabiam usque in fines Sabaeorum processit exercitus ad oppidum Mariba. |
26. I extended the borders of all the provinces of the Roman people which neighbored nations not subject to our rule. I restored peace to the provinces of Gaul and Spain, likewise Germany, which includes the ocean from Cadiz to the mouth of the river Elbe. I brought peace to the Alps from the region which is near the Adriatic Sea to the Tuscan, with no unjust war waged against any nation. I sailed my ships on the ocean from the mouth of the Rhine to the east region up to the borders of the Cimbri, where no Roman had gone before that time by land or sea, and the Cimbri and the Charydes and the Semnones and the other Germans of the same territory sought by envoys the friendship of me and of the Roman people. By my order and auspices two armies were led at about the same time into Ethiopia and into that part of Arabia which is called Happy, and the troops of each nation of enemies were slaughtered in battle and many towns captured. They penetrated into Ethiopia all the way to the town Nabata, which is near to Meroe; and into Arabia all the way to the border of the Sabaei, advancing to the town Mariba. |
26．我将罗马人民的所有行省——与那些还未归服于我们帝国的部族相邻的行省——的边界扩大了。我平息了高卢行省、西班牙行省以及囊括从加的斯海域到易北河口处的日耳曼地区。我未对任何民族发动非正义战争而平定了从接近亚得里亚海的区域到图斯坎海的阿尔卑斯地区。我的舰队从莱茵河口穿越海洋向东部地区最远航行到基姆布利人的边界——在那之前，任何罗马人都未曾到过那里的陆地和海域——而且基姆布利人、卡里德斯人、塞姆诺尼斯人以及该地区的其他日耳曼部族通过使节寻求与我及罗马人民的友谊。几乎与此同时，两支军队在我的命令和指挥下被带进埃塞俄比亚和被称为“福地”的阿拉伯地区，来自两个部族的大部分敌军在对垒中被击败，许多城池被攻破。我军深入埃塞俄比亚直达麦罗埃附近的纳巴塔城。我军攻入阿拉伯直达塞巴人疆域的马里巴城。 |
| [27] Aegyptum imperio populi Romani adieci. Armeniam maiorem interfecto rege eius Artaxe cum possem facere provinciam malui maiorum nostrorum exemplo regnum id Tigrani regis Artavasdis filio, nepoti autem Tigranis regis, per Ti. Neronem tradere, qui tum mihi privignus erat. Et eandem gentem postea desciscentem et rebellantem domitam per Gaium filium meum regi Ariobarzani regis Medorum Artabazi filio regendam tradidi, et post eius mortem filio eius Artavasdi; quo interfecto Tigranem qui erat ex regio genere Armeniorum oriundus in id regnum misi. Provincias omnis quae trans Hadrianum mare vergunt ad orientem Cyrenasque, iam ex parte magna regibus ea possidentibus, et antea Siciliam et Sardiniam occupatas bello servili reciperavi. |
27. I added Egypt to the rule of the Roman people. When Artaxes, king of Greater Armenia, was killed, though I could have made it a province, I preferred, by the example of our elders, to hand over that kingdom to Tigranes, son of king Artavasdes, and grandson of King Tigranes, through Tiberius Nero, who was then my step-son. And the same nation, after revolting and rebelling, and subdued through my son Gaius, I handed over to be ruled by King Ariobarzanes son of Artabazus, King of the Medes, and after his death, to his son Artavasdes; and when he was killed, I sent Tigranes, who came from the royal clan of the Armenians, into that rule. I recovered all the provinces which lie across the Adriatic to the east and Cyrene, with kings now possessing them in large part, and Sicily and Sardina, which had been occupied earlier in the slave war. |
27．我将埃及归到罗马人民的治下。尽管当王阿塔薛斯被杀后我可以将大亚美尼亚设为行省，我宁愿遵循我们祖先的惯例通过当时已是我继子的提比略·尼禄将那个王国交给提格拉奈斯——王阿塔瓦斯得斯之子、王提格拉奈斯之孙。后来当这个部族动乱、反叛并被我儿子盖尤斯镇压后，我又将它交给王阿里奥巴尔扎尼斯——米底国王阿塔巴祖斯之子——统治，在他死后又交给其子阿塔瓦斯得斯。他被刺杀后，我将出身亚美尼亚王室的提格拉奈斯派到该国。我恢复了穿过亚得里亚海向东延伸的所有行省、当时大部分为诸王统治的昔兰尼行省，以及之前已通过奴隶战争攻占的西西里和萨丁尼亚。 |
| [28] Colonias in Africa, Sicilia, Macedonia, utraque Hispania, Achaia, Asia, Syria, Gallia Narbonensi, Pisidia militum deduxi. Italia autem XXVIII colonias quae vivo me celeberrimae et frequentissimae fuerunt mea auctoritate deductas habet. |
28. I founded colonies of soldiers in Africa, Sicily, Macedonia, each Spain, Greece, Asia, Syria, Narbonian Gaul, and Pisidia, and furthermore had twenty-eight colonies founded in Italy under my authority, which were very populous and crowded while I lived. |
28．我在阿非利加、西西里、马其顿、两个西班牙行省、阿卡亚、亚细亚、叙利亚、那尔旁高卢 和皮西迪亚诸行省中建立士兵殖民城；而且，意大利有二十八座在我指挥下建立的殖民城——这些城在我有生之年已经十分闻名和繁盛。 |
| [29] Signa militaria complura per alios duces amissa devictis hostibus recepi ex Hispania et Gallia et a Dalmateis. Parthos trium exercitum Romanorum spolia et signa reddere mihi supplicesque amicitiam populi Romani petere coegi. Ea autem signa in penetrali quod est in templo Martis Ultoris reposui. |
29. I recovered from Spain, Gaul, and Dalmatia the many military standards lost through other leaders, after defeating te enemies. I compelled the Parthians to return to me the spoils and standards of three Roman armies, and as suppliants to seek the friendship of the Roman people. Furthermore I placed those standards in the sanctuary of the temple of Mars Ultor. |
29．我打败敌人后，从西班牙、高卢和达尔马提亚人手中收回了许多被其他将领丧失的军旗。我迫使帕提亚人向我归还了三个罗马军团的战利品和军旗，并以卑者身份乞求罗马人的友谊。我将这些军旗放在位于复仇神马尔斯庙的内殿中。 |
| [30] Pannoniorum gentes, quas ante me principem populi Romani exercitus nunquam adit, devictas per Ti. Neronem, qui tum erat privignus et legatus meus, imperio populi Romani subieci, protulique fines Illyrici ad ripam fluminis Danui. Citra quod Dacorum transgressus exercitus meis auspicis victus profilgatusque est, et postea trans Danuvium ductus exercitus meus Dacorum gentes imperia populi Romani perferre coegit. |
30. As for the tribes of the Pannonians, before my principate no army of the Roman people had entered their land. When they were conquered through Tiberius Nero, who was then my step-son and emissary, I subjected them to the rule of the Roman people and extended the borders of Illyricum to the shores of the river Danube. On the near side of it the army of the Dacians was conquered and overcome under my auspices, and then my army, led across the Danube, forced the tribes of the Dacians to bear the rule of the Roman people. |
30．我将潘诺尼亚各部族——我统治之前罗马人民的军队从未进入、却被当时已是我的继子和副将的提比略·尼禄征服——控在罗马人民的权威之下，并将伊里利库姆的边界推进至多瑙河岸边。在我的指挥下，一支越过多瑙河的达西亚军队被击败并被歼灭，后来我的军队被带领越过多瑙河，迫使达西亚各部臣服于罗马人民的权威。 |
| [31] Ad me ex India regum legationes saepe missae sunt non visae ante id tempus apud quemquam Romanorum ducem. Nostram amicitiam appetiverunt per legatos Bastarnae Scythaeque et Sarmatarum qui sunt citra flumen Tanaim et ultra reges, Albanorumque rex et Hiberorum et Medorum. |
31. Emissaries from the Indian kings were often sent to me, which had not been seen before that time by any Roman leader. The Bastarnae, the Scythians, and the Sarmatians, who are on this side of the river Don and the kings further away, and the kings of the Albanians, of the Iberians, and of the Medes, sought our friendship through emissaries. |
31．来自印度国的特使——之前在任何罗马将领面前从未出现过——常被派到我处。巴斯塔奈人、西徐亚人、居于塔纳伊河两侧的萨尔马泰部族诸王、阿尔巴人之王以及希贝里人之王和米底人之王均通过使节寻求我们的友谊。 |
| [32] Ad me supplices confugerunt reges Parthorum Tiridates et postea Phrates regis Phratis filius, Medorum Artavasdes, Adiabenorum Artaxares, Britannorum Dumnobellaunus et Tincommius, Sugambrorum Maelo, Marcomanorum Sueborum . . . rus. Ad me rex Parthorum Phrates Orodis filius filios suos nepotesque omnes misit in Italiam non bello superatus, sed amicitiam nostram per liberorum suorum pignora petens. Plurimaeque aliae gentes expertae sunt p. R. fidem me principe quibus antea cum populo Romano nullum extiterat legationum et amicitiae commercium. |
32. To me were sent supplications by kings: of the Parthians, Tiridates and later Phrates son of king Phrates, of the Medes, Artavasdes, of the Adiabeni, Artaxares, of the Britons, Dumnobellaunus and Tincommius, of the Sugambri, Maelo, of the Marcomanian Suebi (...) (-)rus. King Phrates of the Parthians, son of Orodes, sent all his sons and grandsons into Italy to me, though defeated in no war, but seeking our friendship through the pledges of his children. And in my principate many other peoples experienced the faith of the Roman people, of whom nothing had previously existed of embassies or interchange of friendship with the Roman people. |
32．帕提亚诸王、王提里达太斯以及后来王弗拉提斯之子弗拉提斯逃至我处乞求保护；还有米底的阿塔瓦斯得斯、阿迪亚贝尼人的阿塔萨瑞斯、不列颠人的杜姆诺贝劳努斯和提姆□□□□□□；苏伽姆布利人的麦罗、马尔考曼尼人和苏埃波□□□□□□。奥罗德斯之子、帕提亚王弗拉提斯将他所有的子孙送到意大利我处，并非因战中被制，但为以其子孙为人质寻求我们的友谊。在我任元首期间，许多其他部族——此前与罗马人民没有任何使节和友好往来的部族——认识到了罗马人民的诚信。 |
| [33] A me gentes Parthorum et Medorum per legatos principes earum gentium reges petitos acceperunt: Parthi Vononem, regis Phratis filium, regis Orodis nepotem, Medi Ariobarzanem, regis Artavazdis filium, regis Ariobarzanis nepotem. |
33. The nations of the Parthians and Medes received from me the first kings of those nations which they sought by emissaries: the Parthians, Vonones son of king Phrates, grandson of king Orodes, the Medes, Ariobarzanes, son of king Artavasdes, grandson of king Aiobarzanes. |
33．经由我，帕提亚人和米底人得到了通过各自部族的首要使节要求的国王：帕提亚得到沃诺内斯——王弗拉提斯之子，王奥罗德斯之孙；米底人得到阿里奥巴尔扎尼斯——王阿塔瓦兹得斯之子，王阿里奥巴尔扎尼斯之孙。 |
| [34] In consulatu sexto et septimo, postquam bella civilia exstinxeram, per consensum universorum potitus rerum omnium, rem publicam ex mea potestate in senatus populique Romani arbitrium transtuli. Quo pro merito meo senatus consulto Augustus appellatus sum et laureis postes aedium mearum vestiti publice coronaque civica super ianuam meam fixa est et clupeus aureus in curia Iulia positus, quem mihi senatum populumque Romanum dare virtutis clementiaeque et iustitiae et pietatis caussa testatum est per eius clupei inscriptionem. Post id tempus auctoritate omnibus praestiti, potestatis autem nihilo amplius habui quam ceteri qui mihi quoque in magistratu conlegae fuerunt. |
34. In my sixth and seventh consulates (28-27 B.C.E.), after putting out the civil war, having obtained all things by universal consent, I handed over the state from my power to the dominion of the senate and Roman people. And for this merit of mine, by a senate decree, I was called Augustus and the doors of my temple were publicly clothed with laurel and a civic crown was fixed over my door and a gold shield placed in the Julian senate-house, and the inscription of that shield testified to the virtue, mercy, justice, and piety, for which the senate and Roman people gave it to me. After that time, I exceeded all in influence, but I had no greater power than the others who were colleagues with me in each magistracy. |
34．我一平息内战便经一致同意掌控了所有事务，在我第六次和第七次任执政官时，我将国务从我的权限中转交到元老院和罗马人民的仲裁下。为我的这种德行，据元老院令，我被授予“奥古斯都”称号，我居所的门柱在公众仪式中被饰以月桂花环，而且一顶市民花环被安置在我的大门上方，还有一面金盾被放在尤利亚会堂，通过盾上的铭文可证明元老院和罗马人民因我的英勇、仁慈、正义和虔敬将它赠与我。从那时起，我在威名上超过了所有人，但我拥有的权力并不比与我同掌任何官职的同僚拥有的更多。 |
| [35] Tertium decimum consulatum cum gerebam, senatus et equester ordo populusque Romanus universus appellavit me patrem patriae, idque in vestibulo aedium mearum inscribendum et in curia Iulia et in foro Aug. sub quadrigis quae mihi ex s.c. positae sunt censuit. Cum scripsi haec annum agebam septuagensumum sextum. |
35. When I administered my thirteenth consulate (2 B.C.E.), the senate and Equestrian order and Roman people all called me father of the country, and voted that the same be inscribed in the vestibule of my temple, in the Julian senate-house, and in the forum of Augustus under the chariot which had been placed there for me by a decision of the senate. When I wrote this I was seventy-six years old. |
35．当我第十三次就任执政官时，元老院、骑士阶层和全体罗马人民授予我“祖国之父”的称号，并下令该称号应被刻在我居所的前厅、元老院会堂、以及据元老院令为我在奥古斯都广场上竖立的战车下方。当我撰述这些时，我七十六岁。 |
| Appendix |
Appendix |
附录 |
| [1] Summa pecuniae quam dedit vel in aerarium vel Plebei Romanae vel dimissis militibus: denarium sexiens milliens. |
1. All the expenditures which he gave either into the treasury or to the Roman plebs or to discharged soldiers: HS 2,400,000,000. |
1． 他赠给国库、罗马平民或退伍士兵的金钱总数为六亿第纳里。 |
| [2] Opera fecit nova aedem Martis, Iovis Tonantis et Feretri, Apollinis, divi Iuli, Quirini, Minervae, Iunonis Reginae, Iovis Libertatis, Larum, deum Penatium, Iuventatis, Matris Magnae, Lupercal, pulvinar ad circum, curiam cum Chalcidico, forum Augustum, basilicam Iuliam, theatrum Marcelli, porticum Octaviam, nemus trans Tiberim Caesarum. |
2. The works he built: the temples of Mars, of Jupiter Subduer and Thunderer, of Apollo, of divine Julius, of Minerva, of Queen Juno, of Jupiter Liberator, of the Lares, of the gods of the Penates, of Youth, and of the Great Mother, the Lupercal, the state box at the circus, the senate-house with the Chalcidicum, the forum of Augustus, the Julian basilica, the theater of Marcellus, the Octavian portico, and the grove of the Caesars across the Tiber. |
2． 他修筑的新工程有马尔斯神庙、征服者朱庇特神庙和雷神朱庇特神庙、阿波罗神庙、神圣尤利乌斯祠庙、奎里努斯神庙、米涅尔瓦神庙、天后朱诺神庙、解放者朱庇特神庙、拉莱斯神庙、佩纳特斯诸神神庙、青春女神神庙、西贝拉神庙、鲁帕尔卡尔神龛、大竞技场的圣台、带有卡尔吉迪库姆的会堂、奥古斯都广场、尤利亚大会堂、马克卢斯剧院、柱廊□□□□□□台伯河对岸的凯撒园林。 |
| [3] Refecit Capitolium sacrasque aedes numero octoginta duas, theatrum Pompei, aquarum rivos, viam Flaminiam. |
3. He rebuilt the Capitol and holy temples numbering eighty-two, the theater of Pompey, waterways, and the Flaminian road. |
3． 他重修了卡皮托尔神庙和共计八十二座的神圣建筑物，以及庞培剧院、众多的水渠和弗拉米尼亚大道。 |
| [4] Impensa praestita in spectacula scaenica et munera gladiatorum atque athletas et venationes et naumachiam et donata pecunia colonis, municipiis, oppidis terrae motu incendioque consumptis aut viritim amicis senatoribusque quorum census explevit innumerabilis. |
4. The sum expended on theatrical spectacles and gladatorial games and athletes and hunts and mock naval battles and money given to colonies, cities, and towns destroyed by earthquake and fire or per man to friends and senators, whom he raised to the senate rating: innumerable. |
4． 为剧院演出提供的表演、角斗表演、运动竞技、野兽斗猎、海战表演和金钱赠礼□□□□□□ 毁于地震和火灾、或向每位朋友和提高了财产收入的元老们，不可胜数。
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| The Latin Library The Classics Page http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/resgestae.html |
English translation: Copyright 1998, Thomas Bushnell, BSG. http://classics.mit.edu/Augustus/deeds.html |
作者: 张楠, 张强, 东北师范大学, 《古代文明》 2007年第03期 - http://www.cawhi.com/show.aspx?id=5898&cid=30 |
